解説:Apples are fruits. というとおかしなことになります。fruitsというと、リンゴとバナナとミカンが混じってるような状態だからです。動詞は主語の単複にあわせた形をとるわけですが、補語にくる名詞は主語と数が一致するわけではないのです。ごっちゃにしないようにしましょう。同じような例文を猛一つ。
例文:Are tomatoes a fruit or a vegetable? 和訳:トマトは果物か野菜か?
国連でのアメリカ大統領トランプ氏の演説は、自分がいかに素晴らしいか、アメリカがいかに素晴らしいかという自慢に終始していたようです。途中で、America is …… So true. と言ったところで、聴衆がみな失笑しました。So true.というのは、全くその通りだ。という意味です。下のABC NEWSやCNN、PEOPLEの記事で、その部分が書き起こされていますが、いずれも、America is .という部分を省いて記事にしていることから、America is と言いかけたのとSo true.は繋がらないようです。言葉に詰まって、別の言葉で言い直したのでしょう。自分で自分が言ったことに対して、全くその通り、と自画自賛する言葉を使ったために、聴いていた人が呆れて笑ったのだと思います。
“In less than two years, my administration has accomplished almost more than any other administration in the history of our country. So true,” Trump said, sparking audible laughter throughout the crowd. (The real reason United Nations laughed at Trump, according to Stephen Colbert By KARMA ALLEN Sep 26, 2018, 4:31 AM ET ABC NEWS)
“In less than two years, my administration has accomplished more than almost any administration in the history of our country,” Trump said, as he does. “So true,” said Trump, clearly caught by surprise by the laughter. “I didn’t expect that reaction, but that’s OK,” he added to more laughter and some applause. (Donald Trump bragged about himself to the United Nations. The UN laughed. Analysis by Chris Cillizza, CNN Editor-at-large Updated 1942 GMT (0342 HKT) September 25, 2018 CNN)
He continued, “In less than two years, my administration has accomplished more than almost any administration in the history of our country. … So true.” (EMILY ZAUZMER September 25, 2018 03:01 PM PEOPLE)
トランプ氏は演説で、自分の政権が米国史上「ほとんどどの政権より」も多くの業績を達成したと自慢した。すると、場内から反応があり、トランプ氏が「本当に本当です」と続けると、各国代表から笑い声が漏れた。大統領は「そういう反応が返ってくるとは予想していなかった」と笑い返した。(トランプ氏の国連総会演説に予想外の笑い声 BBC NEWS JAPAN 2018年09月26日)
Ellen Plays Matchmaker for U.S. Open Champion Naomi Osaka and Michael B. Jordan TheEllenShow 2018/09/12 に公開
エレンショーの大坂なおみ選手とエレンとのやりとり 全トランスクリプト
YOUTUBEの自動書き起こしを参考に書いたものです。
First of all, congratulations. You are the champion, US Open champ. How’s that sound to you? (注:How’sは、How doesの短縮形)
Um, it sounds really good.
Sounds good? Something you dreamed of?
Um, yeah. I’m sorry, but it’s so weird, like you’re a real person. ごめんなさい、でも、実物のエレンが目の前にいるなんて、とっても変なかんじ。
Yes.
Yeah.
Usually I send a hologram in, but today I wanted to be here for you. So I watched the match. How many people saw the match with Serena that she– [APPLAUSE] It was an incredible match, and you were playing so well. I mean, you clearly you deserved to win. You were amazing. And so, did you think you had a chance of beating her at the finals?
Well, I mean, I wouldn’t play a match without thinking I had a chance. 勝てないと思って戦うことはしないわ。(注:仮定法過去の形)
Yeah.
Yeah, I mean, the back of my mind I thought so.
Yeah. I don’t know if you noticed. There was some controversy that happened on the court. Did you notice that?
I didn’t notice.
You didn’t see that? All right. I’ll tell you what happened. Let me tell you what happened. So Serena got some calls. So when that was happening, when all that was going on, that must have been– was distracting for you? Were you just–I mean, because what were you feeling during those moments?
When like, when you’re little, you’re taught not to look at like, if your opponent gets angry or anything. You’re told to like, just look like, turn around and try to focus. So I tried to do that. But in my mind, I was sort of, like I really wanted to know what was going on.
That– you didn’t know what was going on?
No.
Because you couldn’t hear?
Yeah, I couldn’t hear, and I was looking away. But, um, I heard a lot of people in the crowd making noises, and I really wanted to turn around but I didn’t. ほんとうに振り返ってみたかったんだけど、しなかった。
Yeah, yeah. なるほど。So you’re done– you’re wondering what the people are making noises for and you’re just turning around, which is what you’re supposed to do. Well, first of all, everyone is saying–and you know you deserve to win. You were playing an amazing match. I mean, you were just– your level of play was incredible. And people are calling you like, a young Serena. That’s– you’re playing like that. And when you were receiving the trophy, there was a lot of booing in the crowd. And then Serena leaned over and said something to you. そして、セリーナがあなたのほうに身を寄せて、あなたに何か言った。What did she say to you? 彼女はあなたになんて言ったの?
What do you think she said? なんて言ったと思う?[LAUGHTER]
Girl, you’re good. [LAUGHTER]
No, she’s like, that she was proud of me, and that I should know that the crowd wasn’t booing at me. So I was really happy that she said that.
Yeah, but you knew the crowd wasn’t booing at you, right? They were just booing the whole situation that it was just, right? Did you did you think they were booing you?
At the time I did kind of think they were booing at me. あのときは、自分は観衆が自分に対してブーイングしているんじゃないかと思った。(注:kind ofは、口語で非常によく用いられる、語調を整える程度の意味しかない言葉。「みたいな」「なんていうか」といったニュアンスがある。)
Oh, no.
Because I couldn’t tell what was going on because it was just so loud in there.
Right.
It was a little bit stressful.
Yeah. I saw when you pulled the visor over your eyes when they started booing I could see that you were getting very emotional. When you were sitting on the–I wanted to ask you. So you had a towel over your head after you won, and you were sitting down. Were you texting? What was going on under that towel? I saw something happening under the towel? What were you doing? Were you knitting? 編み物でもしてたの?What were you doing? 何してたの?
No, I was reading what I should say just in case– いいえ、私は万が一のときに言うべきことを読んでいたの(もしも試合に勝って、優勝の挨拶をしなければならなくなったときに備えて書いておいた原稿を読んでいたということ。)
Oh, OK. なるほど。
–for my speech, because I’m not very good at talking. スピーチに備えて。私はしゃべるのが苦手だから。
Yeah. Gee, you seem so outgoing and boisterous. へ~、あなたはとっても外向きの性格でやんちゃじゃない。[LAUGHTER] Well, you’re awesome. I mean, you’re just– you’re– you’re amazing. And I have questions because people know that you’re a great tennis player so I want to know your favorite color.
Black.
Black, all right. I should have known that.
Favorite TV show.
Right now The Office.
The Office? You’re catching up on The Office? 「オフィス」を毎回見てるの?
Yes. うん。
All right. What season are you in? じゃあ、今見てるのはシーズンのいくつ?
I’m on season 7. シーズン7。
OK, good. そうね。And favorite singer? で、好きな歌手は?
Singer, Beyonce. 歌手だとビヨンセ。
Beyonce? ビヨンセね。Celebrity crush? 好きな有名人は?
Uh. Uh-uh. ん~。ん~。
Come on, you can make it happen. 実現できるわよ(うまくいくわよ)。You’re very famous now. あなたは今とっても有名なんだから。
No, I’m not. そんなことないわ。
Yeah. そうよ。
I don’t know his name, but he was in Black Panther but he was a villain. 名前はわからないけどブラックパンサーに出ていて、悪役だった。
Oh, Michael B. Jordan. ああ、マイケルBジョーダンじゃない。
Yeah. うん。
Yes. よーし。
No. だめ~。
Do you want me to text him right now? 今ここで彼にテキストメッセージを送ってほしい?
No. だめ。
I will– seriously. 送るわ。本気よ。So I’m going to get my phone. I’m going to text Michael, and I’m going to tell him that he should meet you. 彼に、あなたに会わなきゃって言ってあげる。
No. だめよ。[LAUGHTER] I’m OK. 送ってくれなくていいから。Thank you. 送らないで。
Well, I’m just trying to help. 手助けしてあげようとしているの。
That’s OK. いいから。
All right. ああ、そう。So you won the title, which is huge. You won $3.8 million and–after you give me my cut–when I introduce you to Michael. What will you do with the money? Do you have a car?
No. 持ってない。
Buy a car. クルマを買いなさいよ。Do– buy a– don’t you want to buy yourself something?
I would rather buy my parents something. 自分によりも両親に何か買ってあげたい。I–
Aw, well that’s the right answer. おぉ、それはとっても正しい答えよね。Yes. What are you going to buy them? じゃあ、ご両親には何を買ってあげるの? A house? おうち?
I’m going to buy them a TV so they can watch your show. 両親にはテレビを買うわ。あなたの番組を見られるように。[LAUGHTER]
They don’t watch my show now? 今は私の番組を見てくれていないの?
I mean, I’m going to buy them a really big TV. いや、両親にはとーっても大きなテレビを買ってあげるの。
I see, I see. なるほど、なるほど。I’ll give them a– I’ll give them a–4K Roku TV. 4千画素ロクテレビをご両親にプレゼントするわ。 I have a 65 inch backstage for you. Let me have my phone, Andy. アンディ、私の携帯を持ってきてちょうだい。 We’re getting you–I’m getting you Michael B. Jordan, and we’re getting you a TV.
No, you’re not. [LAUGHTER]
Yeah. We take a picture of you so I can make sure–
No! I cannot. だめ~。無理。
All right. 平気よ。
[Ellen, take a selfie.] エレン、自撮りしたら?
Oh yeah, we’ll take a selfie. そうね、一緒に自撮りしましょう。
All right. I’ll sit here with you.
Oh my God. なんてこと。
(二人で写真を撮影)
All right. よしっ、と。
Ugh. あちゃー。[LAUGHTER]
(裏方が大型テレビを大坂選手の背後に持ってくる)[APPLAUSE]
I’m doing it. (メッセージをジョーダンに)送るところよ。
Don’t do it. やめて。
Let’s just see what he says. I’m not going to–I’m not committing. I’m just saying, hey. We’ll see what he says. He said– he’s going to like, who’s that hottie with you? You know.
No, he’s not.
Yeah. Or he may already know. あるいは彼はもう知ってるかもしれない。Let’s see what he says. 彼が何ていうか見てみましょう。
You’re stressing me out. I’m too young to be stressed out like this. [LAUGHTER]
You’re too young to even get stressed. There’s nothing– you– you like– the world is your oyster right now. 今や世界はあなたの思い通りになるのよ。You’re– you’re in such a good–you’ve got a brand new TV. Now you don’t have to spend any money. [LAUGHTER]
Thank you. ありがとう。
You’re welcome. どういたしまして。
All right. You’re adorable. And thank you for being here. And congratulations. You are amazing. [APPLAUSE] All right.
DeSalvo’s has become my favorite restaurant!(引用元 tripadvisor.jp)
One year later, Apple’s 12-inch MacBook has become my favorite laptop. (引用元 cnet.com)
Every family ritual is important tome, but there is something about our Blood Moon ritual that seems particularly poignant, and it has become myfavorite. (Llewellyn’s 2017 Witches’ Companion)
【用例】The Summer Camp Handbook recommends you pack your kid enough clothes to last one-and-a-half times the number of days they’ll be at camp for camps that run a week or less (they probably don’t provide laundry service).(引用元)
【用例】What should I do if someone tells me to take off my clothes? (引用元 quora.com)
【用例】Wash all new clothing before packing. Try to calculate how much clothing your child will need.(引用元)
【用例】History of traditional national clothes in Japan. In ancient times, Japanese people used skins of animals they hunted to make them into simple clothes. Later, along with the development of civilization, Japan was influenced through interaction with other countries to dress in clothing made of fabrics. As entering the Middle Ages, the clothing gradually changed into something unique to Japan, which we believe is an original form of kimono. Among people of nobility, layered clothing became popular, and a beautiful clothing called juni-hitoe (twelve-layered ceremonial kimono) was created. (引用元 livejapan.com)
【用例】The kimono is a traditional Japanese garment. Kimono(s) are often worn for important festivals or formal occasions as formal clothing. kimonoの複数形は、kimonoまたはkimonos (Wikipedia)
fashion 〔服や髪形などの〕ファッション、流行のスタイル
ただ、Clothesというとやはり基本的には2枚以上を指します。服1枚の場合は、普通はYour shirt、Your sox、Your pants、Your jacket、Your suit Your dressなどのように、服の名称で呼びます。 https://ajieigo.com/1980.html
【例文】They gave their word. (参照元)【和訳】彼らは約束をした。【解説】彼ら全体として一つの約束をしたということです。wordは、ここでは「約束」という抽象的な言葉です。抽象的な内容を表すので、単数形を用います。抽象的な言葉をあらわす場合にはその名詞を複数形では使いません。
【例文】They gave their lives. (参照元)【和訳】彼らは命を投げ出した。【解説】life(命)はここでは単数形にはならないようです。一人一人の、個別の命だから、と理解すればよいのでしょう。子供たちが帽子を被っていた(Kids wore hats)、という文と同じ理屈です。
【例文】Out of 100 families in the neighbourhood, 45 own radios, 75 have TVs, 25 have VCRs. Only 10 families have all three and each VCR owner also has a TV. If 25 families have radio only, how many have only TV? (英文引用元)
【例文】Recent surveys of infants and toddlers in the US indicate that more than 99 percent of families have TVs in their homes and 74 percent of infants are exposed to TV before the age of two (Rideout and Hamel, 2006). (英文引用元)
【例文】The vast majority of Americans – 95% – now own a cellphone of some kind. The share of Americans that own smartphones is now 77%, up from just 35% in Pew Research Center’s first survey of smartphone ownership conducted in 2011. (英文引用元)
I’m sorry it had to end like this.は「このような終わり方になったことは残念です」であって、謝罪ではない。(sorryという単語が出てくると謝罪だと思うのは間違い。たとえば親しい人を亡くした人に、I’m so sorryというのは普通のことで、悲しみやシンパシーや遺憾の意を表現するのにもsorryは使われる。)テニスの試合の報道でもこのようなことがあるのだから、国際情勢についての報道でどれだけこうしたことがあるのかと思うと、恐ろしい気持ちになる。(吉原真里 2018年09月10日 07:48USオープン ウィリアムズ=大坂 ドラマにみるマイノリティ女性選手の葛藤と連帯 BLOGOS)
この指摘をされている方は、日本人ですがアメリカ在住歴が長く、現在はハワイ大学教授だそうです(参照:ウィキペディア)。しかし、試合や表彰式の動画を見ていた自分には、どうみてもあれは「謝罪」だったとしか受け取れません。実際、いろいろな記事を見ても、なぜ大坂選手は「謝罪」したの?という記事が溢れかえっています。大坂選手は質問に答えて、なんとなく謝罪しないといけない気分になったということのようです。これが「残念」の意味だったら、これほどみなが違和感を覚えて、なぜ謝罪したの?と聞いたりしないでしょう。なので、これは誤訳ではないと思います。I’m sorry it had to end like this.という言葉の和訳は、自分なら「こんな終わり方になってしまってごめんなさい。」とします。こんな終わり方の中身はというと、大坂なおみ選手がセリーナ・ウィリアムズ選手に勝ってしまったことも含むし、セリーナが荒れ狂って試合がぶち壊しになったことも含むし、いろいろなことが起きたので、単に勝ったことだけではないです。なので、「勝って」と訳すのは意味が狭くなりすぎるので不適切でしょう。
After being penalised for throwing her racket early in the second set:
This is unbelievable. Every time I play here I have problems.
I didn’t get coaching, I didn’t get coaching. I didn’t get coaching. You need to make an announcement that I didn’t get coaching. I don’t cheat, I didn’t get coaching. How can you say that?
You owe me an apology. You owe me an apology. I have never cheated in my life. I have a daughter and I stand for what is right for her and I’ve never cheated. You owe me an apology.
After being broken to trail 4-3 in the second set:
I never got coaching. I explained that to you and for you to attack my character then something is wrong. You’re attacking my character. Yes you are. You owe me an apology.
You will never, ever, ever be on another court of mine as long as you live.You are the liar. When are you going to give me my apology? You owe me an apology.
Say it, say you’re sorry. Then don’t talk to me, don’t talk to me. How dare you insinuate I was cheating? You stole a point from me.You’re a thief too.
After being docked a game:
Are you kidding me? Are you kidding me? Because I said you were a thief? You stole a point from me. I’m not a cheater. I told you to apologize to me. Excuse me I need the referee, I don’t agree with that.
With tournament referees:
This is not right. INAUDIBLE. He said I was being coached but I was not being coached. That’s not right. You know me. You know my character. This is not fair. This has happened to me too many times. This is not fair. To lose a game for saying that is not fair. Do you know how many men do things that are much worse than that? This is not fair.
There are a lot of men out here that have said a lot of things and because they are a man it doesn’t matter. This is unbelievable. No I don’t know the risk because if I say a simple thing, a thief, because he stole a point from me.
There are men out here that do a lot worse and because I’m a woman you’re going to take this away from me. That is not right. And you know it and I know you can’t admit it, but I know you know that is not right. I know you can’t change it but I’m just saying that is not right.
I get the rules but I’m just saying it’s not right. It happens to me at this tournament every single year and it’s not fair. That’s all I have to say.
Post-match press conference:
I can’t sit here and say I wouldn’t say he’s a thief, because I thought he took a game from me.
But I’ve seen other men call other umpires several things. I’m here fighting for women’s rights and for women’s equality and for all kinds of stuff. For me to say ‘thief’ and for him to take a game, it made me feel like it was a sexist remark. He’s never taken a game from a man because they said ‘thief’. It blows my mind.
I just feel like the fact that I have to go through this is just an example for the next person that has emotions, and that wants to express themselves, and wants to be a strong woman.
They’re going to be allowed to do that because of today. Maybe it didn’t work out for me, but it’s going to work out for the next person.